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Kedu ihe na-akụ? Otu sistemụ anyị si egosipụta, gbakọọ, hazie, yana mekọrịta ụbọchị na oge

That sounds like a simple question, but you’d be surprised at how complex the infrastructure provides you with an accurate time. When your users exist across time zones or even travel across time zones while using your systems, there’s an expectation that everything works seamlessly.

Ma ọ dịghị mfe.

Example: You have an employee in Phoenix who needs to schedule an email for 8:00 AM on Monday for his company in Los Angeles. Phoenix doesn’t adjust for daylight savings time; Los Angeles does. And what about the recipients? Should they receive the email at 8:00 AM on Monday in their respective time zone? Or will subscribers in New York receive their email at 11:00 AM EST on Monday?

Otu esi egosipụta oge na kọmputa gị

  • Sistemụ nrụọrụ (OS) - Sistemụ arụmọrụ gị na-elele oge site na oge elekere ya (RTC). It adjusts the format of the date for your locale and the time for your appropriate time zone, typically determined by the location of your device.
    • Formbọchị Formats - Enwere ọtụtụ ụdị ụbọchị a na-ahụkarị, gụnyere:
      • Ụbọchị kalenda Gregorian (YYYY-MM-DD), dịka 2022-02-08
      • Ụbọchị ụdị United States (MM/DD/YYYY), dịka 02/08/2022
      • Ụbọchị ụdị European (DD/MM/YYYY), dịka 08/02/2022
    • Oge Mpaghara – There are 24 time zones in the world, each roughly 15 degrees of longitude apart from the other. Time zones divide the world into regions with the same standard time so that people in each time zone can have a common time for their daily activities.
    • Oge Sazọpụta Uhie - Na mpaghara ndị na-edebe oge nchekwa ụbọchị, a na-edobe elekere otu elekere n'oge opupu ihe ubi na azụ otu elekere n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ. Nke a na-ebutekwu awa nke ìhè ehihie na mgbede n'oge ọnwa okpomọkụ, ma ọ pụtakwara na anyanwụ na-awa ma na-edobe otu awa tupu ụtụtụ na mgbede, n'otu n'otu, n'oge ọnwa oyi.
  • Real-Oge Elekere (RTC) – your computer maintains the time, even when turned off, using a chip known as the RTC. When it’s not powered, a small lithium battery keeps the chip ticking (pun intended) and can power it for up to a decade without charge.
  • Network Oge Protocol (NTP) - mgbe sistemụ arụmọrụ nwere njikọ chiri anya na ịntanetị, ha na-eji NTP mekọrịta elekere ha na ọdọ mmiri nke sava oge, gụnyere ndị nke enyere. Network Oge Protocol. Site na ndabara, Windows na-emekọrịta ihe na sava NTP otu ugboro kwa ụbọchị 7, ebe macOS na-emekọrịta otu ugboro kwa elekere. Ndị NTP na-eji oge niile na-ahazi oge ha (UTC). When a client requests the current time from an NTP server, the server responds with a 64-bit value representing the number of seconds since January 1, 1900, at 00:00:00 UTC.
  • Oge Universal jikọtara ọnụ (UTC) – a standardized time used as the basis for all timekeeping in the world. It is based on the International Atomic Time (TAI), which measures the average time elapsed between two specific points in the orbits of Earth’s moon. UTC was first implemented in 1972 as a successor to TAI and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). A na-edobe UTC n'ime 0.9 sekọnd nke oge TAI, ma na-edobe izi ezi ya site na iji elekere atọm na teknụzụ ndị ọzọ na-edebe oge.
    • E kewara mpaghara oge 24 UTC n'ime iwe ngalaba ebe nkwụsị nke ọ bụla bụ mgbanwe maka oge kwesịrị ekwesị n'ime awa: UTC-12, UTC-11, UTC-10, UTC-9, UTC-8, UTC-7, UTC-6, UTC-5, UTC-4, UTC-3, UTC-2, UTC-1, UTC, UTC+1, UTC+2, UTC+3, UTC+4, UTC+5, UTC+6, UTC+7, UTC+8, UTC+9, UTC+10, na UTC+11.
utc mpaghara oge
  • Oge Atọmk nke Mba Nile (MA ọ bụ) – ụkpụrụ oge nke dabere na nkezi oge gafere n'etiti isi ihe abụọ akọwapụtara na orbits nke ọnwa ụwa. TAI bụ otu n'ime oge akpịrịkpa kachasị zie ezie na kwụsiri ike dị, yana ndị na-echekwa ya International Bureau of Weights and Measure.
  • Atomic Elekere - bụ ndị na-ahụ maka oge ziri ezi nke na-eji mkpọtụ eke nke atọm tụọ oge. Ụdị elekere atomiki a na-ahụkarị bụ elekere atomiki cesium, nke na-eji mkpọtụ nke cesium atom iji debe oge. A na-edobe izi ezi nke elekere atọm site na nkwụsi ike nke ugboro ole radieshon electromagnetic na-ebute site na atom cesium. Ugboro a kwụsiri ike nke na ọ na-agbanwe naanị site na nkeji iri na ise n'ime ọtụtụ puku afọ. A na-atụnyere ugboro nke radieshon electromagnetic tụnyere quartz oscillator, nke a na-eji ejikwa counter. The counter na-agụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke cycles nke electromagnetic radieshon, na a na-agụta na-eji gbakọọ oge. A na-edozi counter ahụ mgbe niile iji hụ na ọ na-adakọrịta na mma nke atom cesium.

Usoro ọgbara ọhụrụ na-edekọkarị oge dị ka Unix timestamps. Ihe stampụ Unix bụ ihe nnochite anya ọnụọgụ nke otu oge n'ime oge, tụrụ dị ka ọnụọgụ nke sekọnd gafere kemgbe Jenụwarị 1, 1970, na 00:00:00 UTC. A na-eji stampụ Unix n'ọtụtụ ebe na sistemụ kọmputa n'ihi na ọ dị mfe iji rụọ ọrụ na enwere ike iji ya tụnyere, hazie ya na nhazi ya ngwa ngwa. Ha na-anọpụkwaghị na mpaghara oge, nke pụtara na ha na-enye nnochite anya oge nke enwere ike iji gafee mpaghara mpaghara dị iche iche.

Yabụ… mgbe ịlele oge, ị na-egosipụta

Na-arụ ọrụ na ụbọchị na PHP

M dere tupu banyere otú e si na mmemme gosi afọ maka nkwupụta nwebiisinka gị ka ị ghara ịnọgide na-emelite ya kwa afọ. Enwere ọtụtụ ihe ị nwere ike iji ụbọchị mee, n'agbanyeghị. Nke a bụ ọmụmaatụ ụfọdụ:

Gosipụta ụbọchị dị ka 2023-02-08:

$current_date = date("Y-m-d");
echo $current_date;

Gosipụta ụbọchị dị ka akara oge 1612684800:

$timestamp = strtotime("2023-02-08");
echo $timestamp;

Gosipụta ụbọchị na oge haziri na UTC kama mpaghara oge mpaghara dịka 2023-02-08 15:25:00:

$utc_date = gmdate("Y-m-d H:i:s");
echo $utc_date;

Gosipụta stampụ Unix dị ugbu a dị ka 1612742153:

$current_timestamp = time();
echo $current_timestamp;

Defat mpaghara oge na Los Angeles wee gosipụta ụbọchị na oge dịka 2023-02-08 07:25:00:

date_default_timezone_set("America/Los_Angeles");
$date = date("Y-m-d H:i:s");
echo $date;

Organizing the PHP date format characters into logical groups, with each group in alphabetical order and the format characters as sub-bullets:

  • Day
    • d – Day of the month, 2 digits with leading zeros (01 to 31). Example:
      15
    • D – A textual representation of a day, three letters (Mon through Sun). Example: Thu
    • j – Day of the month without leading zeros (1 to 31). Example: 15
    • l (lowercase ‘L’) – A full textual representation of the day of the week (Sunday through Saturday). Example: Thursday
    • S – English ordinal suffix for the day of the month, 2 characters (st, nd, rd or th). Example: th
    • w – Numeric representation of the day of the week (0 (for Sunday) through 6 (for Saturday)). Example: 4
    • z – The day of the year (starting from 0). Example for current date might not be accurate without exact calculations.
  • Ọnwa
    • F – A full textual representation of a month (January through December). Example: February
    • m – Numeric representation of a month, with leading zeros (01 to 12). Example: 02
    • M – A short textual representation of a month, three letters (Jan through Dec). Example: Feb
    • n – Numeric representation of a month, without leading zeros (1 to 12). Example: 2
    • t – Number of days in the given month (28 through 31). Example: 28
  • izu
    • W – ISO-8601 week number of year, weeks starting on Monday (Example: 42, the 42nd week in the year). Example for current date might not be accurate without exact calculations.
  • Year
    • o – ISO-8601 week-numbering year. This has the same value as Y, except that if the ISO week number (W) belongs to the previous or next year, that year is used instead. Example: 2024
    • Y – A full numeric representation of a year, 4 digits. Example: 2024
    • y – A two-digit representation of a year. Example: 24
  • Timezone
    • T – Timezone abbreviation. Example: EST
    • e – Timezone identifier. Example: America/New_York
    • P – Difference to Greenwich time (GMT) with a colon between hours and minutes. Example: -04:00
    • O – Difference to Greenwich time (GMT) without colon between hours and minutes. Example: -0400
    • Z – Timezone offset in seconds. The offset for timezones west of UTC is always negative, and for those east of UTC is always positive. Example: -14400 (for EST)

Every language has its functions to work with UTC, timestamps, display formats, time zones, and daylight savings time. If you’re developing a platform, you’ll want to pay a lot of attention to how you’re storing time-based data as well as how you’re formatting and displaying it. If you’re a business, you’re going to want to ensure your platforms can manage working across time zones, display the appropriate formats for your users, as well as manage daylight savings time adjustments.

Yabụ… Kedu Oge Ọ Bụ?

My operating system is formatting the date and time as Mar 29, 2024, 1:27 AM. The time has been adjusted from a Unix Timestamp to my time zone, adjusted for Daylight Savings Time. That time has been synchronized in the last hour from MacOS with an NTP server that is in UTC and adjusted to keep within 0.9 seconds with TAI and the atomic clocks. All of this, of course, is an accurate time provided for my location with respect to the Earth, Moon, and Sun… adjusted for Daylight Savings Time.

Douglas Karr

Douglas Karr bụ CMO Mepee ihe ọmụma na onye nchoputa nke Martech Zone. Douglas enyerela ọtụtụ mmalite MarTech aka nke ọma, nyere aka n'ịrụsi ọrụ ike nke ihe karịrị ijeri $ 5 na nnweta na ntinye ego nke Martech, ma na-aga n'ihu na-enyere ụlọ ọrụ aka n'imejuputa na imezi usoro ahịa na ahịa ha. Douglas bụ mgbanwe dijitalụ ama ama na mba ụwa na ọkachamara MarTech na ọkà okwu. Douglas bụkwa onye odee bipụtara nke ndu Dummie na akwụkwọ ndu azụmaahịa.

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